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Instructional Unit: Goal 1

Objective 1: Given the information, the athlete will be able to identify the effects dehydration has on athletic performance.

Objective 1: Key Terms

  • Hydration - the introduction of additional fluid into the body

  • Dehydration - the process of losing body water, an abnormal depletion of body fluids, term also used: under-hydration

  • Overhydration - excess fluid intake

  • Euhydration - optimal total body water

  • Hypohydration - body water deficit (interchangeable with dehydration)

  • Hyperhydration - body water excess (interchangeable with overhydration)

How hydration effects athletic performance...

  • Dehydration can lead to excess strain on your thermoregulatory and cardiovascular systems resulting in an increased risk for heat illnesses

  • Dehydration leads to a loss of ability to pump blood throughout the body, particularly to sweat glands for the release of sweat, which results in an inability of the body to regulate internal body temperature.

  • In addition to decreased physical performance, cognitive function is decreased in a state of dehydration including mood, reaction time, and task performance.

  • Sweating is a necessary function of the body to minimize a rise in core temperature; however, if this fluid loss is not replaced adequately, it can have physical and psychology effects on the body.

  • This reduction in blood volume results in a decreased stroke volume to the heart, thus inducing cardiovascular strain.

    • The heart rate must increase to maintain the cardiac output needed during exercise.

    • With an increase heart rate and decreased blood volume, the physical demands of the heart may become too much and the total cardiac output will begin to decline.

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